What Is Strep Throat?

All throughout the year, illnesses abound. Particularly during the school year, when children are in close proximity to one another, sickness can seem nearly continuous. One common illness that affects both children and adults is strep throat. Strep throat is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the throat and tonsils. It is caused by the Streptococcus bacteria, specifically the group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria. Strep throat is highly contagious and can spread easily through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. This nasty virus can stop a person in their tracks, requiring a visit to a medical professional. Read on to learn more about strep throat and where to receive care, if you suspect that you are a loved one have become infected.

What Are the Symptoms of Strep Throat?

A strep throat infection can often mimic the symptoms of other viral infections. However, strep throat usually causes severe symptoms to develop in the throat, signaling that something other than the common flu is at play. Typically, you can expect symptoms of strep throat to include a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, red and swollen tonsils, white patches or spots on the tonsils, fever, headache, nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Some people may also experience a red, raised rash known as scarlet/rhematic fever.

Can I Spread Strep Throat to Others? 

Yes, strep throat is highly contagious and can be easily spread from person to person. The bacteria responsible for strep throat can be passed on to others through respiratory droplets. This means that when you cough, sneeze, share eating/drinking utensils, or even talk, tiny droplets containing the bacteria can be released into the air.

If someone inhales those infected droplets or comes into close contact with surfaces contaminated by the bacteria, they have a high chance of becoming infected as well. It's important to note that even if you don't have any symptoms or feel perfectly fine, you can still be carrying and spreading the bacteria.

Thus, if you suspect you have strep or have been diagnosed already, it is crucial to take appropriate precautions when you are in contact with others. It's recommended to cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, use tissues and promptly dispose of them, wash your hands frequently, and avoid sharing personal items such as utensils, drinking glasses, or toothbrushes.

Furthermore, if you or your child have been diagnosed with strep throat, it's advisable to stay home from work or school until you have been on antibiotics for at least 24 hours as this helps prevent the spread of the infection to others.

How Is Strep Throat Diagnosed? 

Diagnosing strep throat usually involves a combination of physical examination and laboratory tests. A healthcare provider will start by examining your throat and checking for any signs of inflammation or redness. They may also gently swab the back of your throat to collect a sample for further testing.

The most common diagnostic test for strep throat is a rapid strep test. This test detects the presence of streptococcal bacteria within minutes. During the test, the swab sample is mixed with special chemicals and then applied to a test strip. If the test strip changes color, it indicates the presence of the bacteria.

However, it's important to note that rapid strep tests are not always 100% accurate. In some cases, a throat culture may be necessary. During a throat culture, the sample is sent to a laboratory for further analysis. This method takes longer, usually 24-48 hours, but it provides a more definitive result.

Why Is It Important to See a Doctor If I Develop Symptoms of Strep?

If you suspect that you or your child has strep throat, it is important to see a healthcare professional immediately for a proper diagnosis. Early treatment with antibiotics is crucial to prevent complications and reduce the spread of the infection to others. 

If left untreated, strep throat can lead to complications such as tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, sinusitis, ear infections, and even rheumatic fever (which could cause lasting damage to vital organs like the brain, heart, and joints). Henceforth, it is important to promptly seek medical attention anytime you suspect the presence of strep throat.

Where Can I Seek Care for Strep Throat? 

Seeking appropriate care for strep throat is essential to receive the proper treatment and minimize the risk of complications. Here are a few places where you can seek care for strep throat:

1.) Primary Care Physician: Your primary care physician is often the first point of contact for medical concerns. They are well-equipped to diagnose and treat strep throat. They can perform a physical examination, order diagnostic tests if needed, and prescribe antibiotic treatment if necessary.

2.) Urgent Care Centers: If you are unable to get an immediate appointment with your primary care physician, urgent care centers are a convenient option. They typically have extended hours and can provide prompt medical attention. Many urgent care centers have on-site laboratories that can perform rapid strep tests for a quick diagnosis.

Ultimately, visiting a trusted medical facility will be the quickest way to get on the road to recovery.

Is There Anything I Can Do at Home To Promote Recovery From a Streptococcal Infection?

Yes, while it is important to seek prompt medical treatment for strep throat, there are also some measures you can take at home to promote recovery and alleviate symptoms. These include: 

1.) Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of fluids can help soothe your sore throat and prevent dehydration, which can worsen your symptoms. Choose warm liquids like herbal teas, warm water with honey and lemon, or warm broth. Avoid caffeinated and alcoholic beverages, as they can dehydrate you.

2.) Gargle with Saltwater: Mix half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and gargle with it several times a day. Saltwater can help reduce inflammation, ease discomfort, and kill bacteria in your throat.

3.) Suck on Throat Lozenges or Hard Candy: Throat lozenges or hard candy can help soothe a sore throat and temporarily relieve pain.

4.) Take OTC Pain Relievers: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help reduce pain and fever associated with strep throat. Follow the recommended dosage and consult with a healthcare professional if needed.

5.) Choose Soft or Cold Foods: Food options straight from the fridge/freezer such as freezer pops, frozen yogurt, ice cream, ice chips, sherbet, yogurt, or chilled fruit can feel soothing on an irritated throat. Additionally, eating soft foods that can be easily swallowed such as soft pasta or soups can make eating more pleasant. With this in mind, steer clear of spicy foods as they could exacerbate your condition further. 

In conclusion, contracting strep throat can be miserable. However, being aware of the symptoms and seeking prompt medical treatment can help you recover more quickly, avoid sickening others, and prevent serious complications. Thus, when you begin to feel the first twinges of a case of suspected strep, hurry over to your local urgent care center or make an appointment with your primary care physician, so you can receive the right diagnosis/treatment, and get on the road to recovery!